The rapid development of technology has led to significant breakthroughs in robotics technology, especially in the field of visual navigation. Visual navigation technology, as the focus of current research, is receiving increasing attention. The article focused on the latest progress of 3D simulation virtual robots in navigation applications. Through virtual simulation technology, it is possible to simulate the visual perception and navigation capabilities of robots in various environments. This not only provides valuable reference for the design and experimentation of actual robots, but also opens up new paths for optimizing robot vision systems and improving navigation efficiency. Through experimental analysis, it can be concluded that the number of correct routes, shortest routes, 3D recognition accuracy, and reasonable distance planning for 3D simulation virtual robots in navigation were between 401 and 424, which were significantly better than inertial navigation and astronomical navigation. From this, it can be seen that the deepening of such research has undoubtedly accelerated the innovative pace of 3D simulation virtual robots in navigation technology, showcasing the broad prospects of future robot technology development.