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Fracturing technology is the key measures of increasing production in unconventional oil or gas reservoirs. However, when the intersection angle between hydraulic fracture (HF) and natural fracture (NF) is too large, HF will directly pass through NF, resulting in a smaller stimulation reservoir volume (SRV) after fracturing treatment and limited productivity improvement. By using theoretical analysis and numerical simulation methods, the interaction mechanism between HF and NF with/without fillers was explored, and then the temporary plugging pressure required to open NF under different conditions was determined. Based on the volume temporary plugging mechanism and the temporary plugging performance of liquid diverting agent obtained from laboratory experiments, a calculation method for the amount of diverting agent required to open NF was proposed. When the intersection angle between HF and NF was small, it was most prone to tensile failure to open NF, followed by shear slip to open NF. When the intersection angle was too large, the net pressure inside the fracture that relied on temporary plugging can not only activate NF, but also potentially cause the fracture height to lose control. Therefore, it was necessary to comprehensively evaluate whether the reservoir was suitable for temporary plugging based on geological and actual reservoir conditions. Compared with NF without fillers, NF with fillers activated by tension not only needs to overcome the normal stress acting on the NF interface, but also needs to overcome the tensile strength of the fillers, which made it more difficult to open. Based on the established net pressure chart required to open NF, and combined with the breakthrough pressure gradient of 9.4 MPa/m of diverting agent obtained through indoor experiments, a formula for calculating the amount of diverting agent was established. This paper revealed the activating NF mechanism of high intersection angle and with/without fillers, clarified the conditions for temporary plugging to open NF, and formed a calculation method for the amount of diverting agent.

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Study on the Mechanism of Temporary Plugging Fracturing and the Conditions for Opening Natural Fractures in Fractured Reservoirs

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Xiang Chen,
  • Zhao-xu Deng,
  • Ping-li Liu,
  • Mao-xing Wang,
  • Juan Du,
  • Guan Wang,
  • Cheng-jie Wang,
  • Qi-sheng Huang,
  • Xiao Lu,
  • Fei Liu,
  • Yi-xin Chen

摘要

Fracturing technology is the key measures of increasing production in unconventional oil or gas reservoirs. However, when the intersection angle between hydraulic fracture (HF) and natural fracture (NF) is too large, HF will directly pass through NF, resulting in a smaller stimulation reservoir volume (SRV) after fracturing treatment and limited productivity improvement. By using theoretical analysis and numerical simulation methods, the interaction mechanism between HF and NF with/without fillers was explored, and then the temporary plugging pressure required to open NF under different conditions was determined. Based on the volume temporary plugging mechanism and the temporary plugging performance of liquid diverting agent obtained from laboratory experiments, a calculation method for the amount of diverting agent required to open NF was proposed. When the intersection angle between HF and NF was small, it was most prone to tensile failure to open NF, followed by shear slip to open NF. When the intersection angle was too large, the net pressure inside the fracture that relied on temporary plugging can not only activate NF, but also potentially cause the fracture height to lose control. Therefore, it was necessary to comprehensively evaluate whether the reservoir was suitable for temporary plugging based on geological and actual reservoir conditions. Compared with NF without fillers, NF with fillers activated by tension not only needs to overcome the normal stress acting on the NF interface, but also needs to overcome the tensile strength of the fillers, which made it more difficult to open. Based on the established net pressure chart required to open NF, and combined with the breakthrough pressure gradient of 9.4 MPa/m of diverting agent obtained through indoor experiments, a formula for calculating the amount of diverting agent was established. This paper revealed the activating NF mechanism of high intersection angle and with/without fillers, clarified the conditions for temporary plugging to open NF, and formed a calculation method for the amount of diverting agent.