This chapter examines the evolving role of women in the transport sector, offering a comprehensive analysis of current research and future directions. Despite progress in recent decades, women remain underrepresented in many areas of transportation, particularly in leadership positions. Through a critical review of literature and an examination of empirical studies, we explore the complex interplay of factors influencing women's participation, advancement, and impact in this field. The chapter begins by contextualizing women's involvement in transport within relevant theoretical frameworks, including gender role theory and feminist organizational theory. The chapter begins by contextualizing women's involvement in transport within relevant theoretical frameworks, including withdrawal theory, feminist theory, leadership theory and institutional theory. We propose a research agenda that emphasizes intersectional approaches, longitudinal studies, and policy-oriented investigations to address these knowledge gaps. The chapter concludes by outlining strategic recommendations for policymakers, industry leaders, and educational institutions to foster a more inclusive and diverse transport sector.