By reviewing the fundamental of satellite selection method on the basis of minimum Geometric Dilution Precision (GDOP), two fast optimization satellite selection algorithms predicated on GDOP contribution degree are discussed: forward stepwise satellite selection algorithm and backward iterative satellite elimination algorithm. The satellite selection experiment is carried out by using static station data, and the satellite selection results’ GDOP, the operation time and 3D positioning accuracy of the positioning solution are comprehensively contrasted, for evaluating advantages and disadvantages of the two fast optimization satellite selection algorithms. The test demonstrate that the satellite sets selected by the two fast optimization satellite selection algorithms have good consistency with the best traversal method’s outcome, and the positioning accuracy is basically the same. In addition, the backward iterative satellite elimination algorithm has the smallest operation time, and it is less affected by the total number of satellites.