The multi-beam sounding system is extensively utilized in hydrographic surveying for the purpose of depth measurement through the emission and reception of sound waves. However, it faces challenges in accurately detecting seabed landforms, and ensuring measurement accuracy. Therefore, further research is needed to address these challenges and improve the reliability of multi-beam line measurement technology. This paper commences with an exploration of the operational principles and design criteria associated with multi-beam sounding, encompassing the orientation and configuration of multi-beam sounding arrays. The goal is to investigate the coverage width and overlap rate through simulating rectangular sea areas and conducting planar three-dimensional geometric analysis. A measurement control plan is designed for the sea area, and corresponding optimization models are established. Compared to other measurement control schemes such as multi-line direction and equidistant design methods, the proposed method demonstrates high efficiency and reliability.