Carbohydrates play crucial roles in many biological events, affecting processes such as cell communication, inflammation, and immunological responses. This has prompted scientists to seek ways to utilize carbohydrates in sophisticated biomedical applications. Carbohydrate-based biopolymeric nanomaterials offer a wide range of sustainability, reusability, and unique characteristics such as antibacterial, biocompatible, immunogenicity, and biodegradable potentiality. As a result, researchers are increasingly focusing on employing natural materials to produce nanocarriers because of their inherent biocompatibility with the metabolic system and significant impact on biological and biomimetic applications. Carbohydrate-based nanomaterials possess more advantages than synthetic polymers. Due to their greater molecular weight, synthetic polymer nanocarriers may lead to hazardous product deposition in the human body. However, natural carbohydrate-based nanopolymers overcome this issue by being digested by enzymes, producing non-toxic metabolized peptide molecules. These nanopolymers contribute to suppressing bacterial infections and promoting bone regeneration. Additionally, carbohydrate-based 3D gel matrices serve as tissue engineering scaffolds for cell proliferation. This chapter explores the potential future applications of biopolymeric nanoparticles made from carbohydrate biomolecules in biomedicine.