The detection of gunshot residue (GSR) is an essential tool for forensic investigations and criminal justice systems. Traditional methods for GSR detection, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), are highly accurate but are also expensive and time-consuming and require specialized equipment and expertise. Recently, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as a promising alternative for GSR detection due to their high sensitivity, selectivity, and stability. MOFs are composed of metal ions or clusters connected by organic linkers to form a three-dimensional porous network with large surface areas. MOFs are versatile materials that can be engineered to selectively adsorb specific inorganic compounds, making them highly selective for GSR detection. MOFs can also detect very low levels of GSR particles, which is essential for the detection of trace amounts of GSR in complex samples. Additionally, MOFs are stable under a wide range of environmental conditions and can withstand exposure to various chemicals and solvents, making them ideal for use in harsh conditions, such as in forensic investigations. The mechanism of detection of GSR using MOFs is based on the fact that GSR particles contain a mixture of inorganic compounds, such as lead, barium, and antimony, which can be selectively adsorbed by MOFs. When exposed to a sample containing GSR particles, the MOF material selectively absorbs the inorganic compounds present in the GSR particles. This process leads to a measurable change in the dielectric constant of the MOF material, which can be detected by various methods. The performance evaluation of MOFs for GSR detection has shown promising results in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, and reproducibility. MOFs have shown high sensitivity for the detection of GSR particles, which is essential for the detection of trace amounts of GSR in complex samples.