Numerous low-income residential structures in Pacitan Regency Indonesia are classified as non-engineered buildings, leaving them highly susceptible to damage or potential collapse in the event of an earthquake. A thorough fragility assessment is crucial to determine these buildings’ damage levels and implement effective measures to enhance their seismic resilience. By utilizing incremental dynamic analysis, this study has shown that residential buildings in Pacitan are at risk of collapsing even at seismic intensities as low as 37% of the Pacitan Design Basis Earthquake (DBE). This alarming finding has prompted stakeholders to urgently seek effective strategies to enhance the seismic performance of non-engineered buildings in this area.