Employment Mismatch Trends in the Digitalization Age: Indonesia Case Studies
摘要
Digitalization has become a phenomenon that has attracted attention in the last few decades. The impact of digitalization is seen in almost all sectors including employment. Disruption and changes on the demand side are forcing the world of employment to transform. The transformation includes the upstream side or the output of the world of education which is an input in the job market. This study aims to look at the mismatch trend in the world of employment in the last decade where digitalization is increasing along with the creation of industry 4.0. This study uses secondary data from the 2011–2020 National Labor Force Survey to see mismatch trends in the world of education and the world of work. Vertical mismatch analysis is used to see the suitability between the level of education and the level of the position occupied. The results show that the mismatch rate of Indonesian workers is still quite high in line with the increasingly rapid development of digitalization in the last decade. Overall, the level of overeducation in Indonesia is higher than the level of undereducation, especially at the level of Academy/Diploma and University education which occupies a portion of more than 50%.