Cell and biomolecular research are rapidly evolving areas of study focusing on how cellular mechanisms work at the molecular level. The field encompasses various aspects of biology, including genetics, biochemistry, biophysics, and microbiology, with a primary emphasis on understanding how cells function and how biomolecules within them interact. Recent discoveries made in the last decade have progressed our comprehension of how cells maintain their physiological homeostasis and how cellular mechanisms can be manipulated to treat diseases. Several experimental methods have been used to study the cell and molecular basis of cellular mechanisms. In this chapter, we will discuss the important biochemical and biophysical methods that are employed to study the structure, function, dynamics, and interactions of biomolecules within cells. We present a summary of the fundamental principles and practical applications of these methods and explore the recent developments in cellular and molecular biology.