An Assessment of the Smart Resilient Development Scheme for Disaster Risk Reduction and Management: The Case of Barangay Rizal, Makati City, Metro Manila, Philippines
摘要
Sustainable Development Goal 11 strives to make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. Urban development becomes essential in achieving this goal since it envisions creating a livable, smart, green, and sustainable community and addressing exposure to vulnerabilities. As a first-class and highly urbanized locality, Makati City has been Metro Manila’s financial and central business district (CBD) since the 1970s. Nevertheless, efforts to recognize risks and mitigate and prevent natural hazards no longer suffice given that there are more than 7,000 informal settler households in Makati City, with Barangay Rizal proving to be the most susceptible to disasters. Through exploratory and non-experimental research design (experimental and control group), four thematic areas were examined to determine the entry points in establishing smart resilient city development schemes, including socio-economic, environmental, technology, and institutional. A total of 120 households served as respondents from formal and informal settlements in the selected built-up environment. For a smart resilient Makati City, the implementing strategies follow a nine-step process to mainstream disaster risk reduction and management-climate change adaptation (DRRM-CCA) into the mandated plans—Comprehensive Land Use Plan and Comprehensive Development Plan. The four thematic areas provided the basis for developing a monitoring and evaluation framework, with each thematic area composed of the Smart Resilient Performance Indicators (SRPI). The Community Disaster Resilience Index (CDRI) and SRPIs are essential for monitoring and implementing smart resilient Makati City. The smart resilient development scheme (SRDS) is recommended to be carried out in different dimensions such as prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery and rehabilitation for each thematic area. It should also be mainstreamed into local plans, pre-DRRM plans, DRRM plans, Crisis Management Framework, and Emergency Plan of Barangay Rizal.