Assessing Vulnerability of Built Environment in Landslide-Prone Region of Raigad District, India
摘要
Landslides are natural hazards, occurring globally, responsible for casualties and damage to built infrastructure. India with its long mountain ranges is equally vulnerable to landslides causing death and damage every year. The Sahyadri mountain ranges of Konkan region in Maharashtra state are prone to landslides. The settlements here are fragmented with few remotely located in the mountains. The remote villages and hamlets tucked in Sahyadri mountain ranges are highly vulnerable. A recent landslide occurred on 19 July 2023, at 9.30 pm in Irshalwadi, a remote hamlet in the mountains of Raigad district, approximately 60 km away from Mumbai, killing 141 out of the 228 population. Many such villages are listed by the district administration as highly susceptible to landslides. This paper attempts to study the vulnerability of the built environment to landslides in two such villages, Irshalwadi and Beed-Khurd, in Raigad District. The study was conducted through field assessment of the built environment, focus group discussions and key stakeholder interviews to understand the socioeconomic and environmental vulnerabilities. The study reveals the threat of landslides is comprised of the combination of natural elements and anthropogenic activities. The study further reveals the vulnerability is not only physical, due to the terrain conditions, but also a combination of socioeconomic and environmental degradation. This study hence is important for making informed decisions to avert the further risk of landslides.