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Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are renewable alternatives to modern-day synthetic plastics which are synthesized by microbes. These biodegradable polymers accumulate as carbon and energy reserves inside the cell when cultured under imbalanced environments of growth. Cyanobacteria are one of the most promising organisms for PHA synthesis using various kinds of substrates. Photoautotrophic production of PHAs from cyanobacteria may embrace the considerable cost incurred due to the elevated demand for carbon and constant oxygen supplementation in the process of bacterial fermentation. Out of various types of PHAs, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is the utmost widespread one, which can be synthesized intracellularly through various enzyme-mediated reactions. The review presents an overview of the potentialities of cyanobacteria to produce PHB under various culture conditions tailoring the desired characteristics. To date, the highest PHB accumulation in cyanobacteria was reported to be 85% dry cell weight in Aulosira fertilissima under optimized conditions. Various abiotic factors like temperature, pH, and light intensity exert a significant effect on cyanobacterial PHB accumulation. PHB production solely from carbon dioxide is of prime importance due to its low cost of production but lags due to low production. Supplementation of exogenous carbon sources with certain nutrient modifications enhances the production of PHB. Application of different hybrid systems between the photoautotrophic and heterotrophic organisms was discussed which utilizes both the limitations and opportunities of cyanobacteria to increase PHB production. The modification in the culture conditions, nutrient supplementation, substrate use, and polymer extraction methods lead to the accumulation of PHB with varied physical properties. Thus, cyanobacterial PHA with desired material properties along with its biodegradable nature can serve as an attractive agent for different applications in almost all sectors of life. This review emphasizes on the recent advances in cyanobacterial PHB production in the last two decades.

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Two Decades Research on Cyanobacterial PHB: Challenges and Opportunities

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Sadaf Tanweer,
  • Prateeksha Mishra,
  • Karisma Dash,
  • Bhabatarini Panda

摘要

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are renewable alternatives to modern-day synthetic plastics which are synthesized by microbes. These biodegradable polymers accumulate as carbon and energy reserves inside the cell when cultured under imbalanced environments of growth. Cyanobacteria are one of the most promising organisms for PHA synthesis using various kinds of substrates. Photoautotrophic production of PHAs from cyanobacteria may embrace the considerable cost incurred due to the elevated demand for carbon and constant oxygen supplementation in the process of bacterial fermentation. Out of various types of PHAs, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is the utmost widespread one, which can be synthesized intracellularly through various enzyme-mediated reactions. The review presents an overview of the potentialities of cyanobacteria to produce PHB under various culture conditions tailoring the desired characteristics. To date, the highest PHB accumulation in cyanobacteria was reported to be 85% dry cell weight in Aulosira fertilissima under optimized conditions. Various abiotic factors like temperature, pH, and light intensity exert a significant effect on cyanobacterial PHB accumulation. PHB production solely from carbon dioxide is of prime importance due to its low cost of production but lags due to low production. Supplementation of exogenous carbon sources with certain nutrient modifications enhances the production of PHB. Application of different hybrid systems between the photoautotrophic and heterotrophic organisms was discussed which utilizes both the limitations and opportunities of cyanobacteria to increase PHB production. The modification in the culture conditions, nutrient supplementation, substrate use, and polymer extraction methods lead to the accumulation of PHB with varied physical properties. Thus, cyanobacterial PHA with desired material properties along with its biodegradable nature can serve as an attractive agent for different applications in almost all sectors of life. This review emphasizes on the recent advances in cyanobacterial PHB production in the last two decades.