The article is devoted to studying the possibility of using environmentally friendly materials in the construction of low-rise single-apartment buildings for the construction of walls (expanded clay concrete) and for insulating the roof and walls of the building (insulation boards made from waste from the production of flax threads). A comparison of insulation made from flax fibers with insulation boards made from glass or mineral fibers, showed the undoubted advantages of using environmentally friendly insulation made from flax, which does not emit harmful substances into the environment during production, operation and disposal and has much smaller carbon footprint. The article also describes the selection of the composition of expanded clay concrete for various sections of the walls of buildings made of low-rise expanded clay concrete. An example is given of the design, construction and operation of buildings made of monolithic expanded clay concrete with a density of 650 kg/m3 in the rather cold and humid climate of Belarus. Thus, there are all the prerequisites for the design, construction and study of operating experience in the Polish climate of low-rise buildings made of monolithic expanded clay concrete using slabs from waste from the production of flax threads for insulation.