Single-shot imaging is an imaging technique that can acquire a complete image or information about a sample in a very short period, which can quickly capture complex optical or spatial information through a single shot or exposure. In this chapter, we summarize and discuss the application of single-shot imaging in various computational imaging methods, including modulated imaging, encoded imaging, diffuse illumination imaging, etc. Single-shot imaging has great potential in improving imaging speed, capturing dynamic processes, and efficient data processing.