The World Health Organization (WHO) and Centre for Disease Control (CDC) have identified antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) as one of the most challenging health hazards faced by human beings. It accounts for ~0.7 million deaths annually worldwide and is projected to account for ~10 million deaths globally by 2050. At this rate, it will become the most dominant cause of human deaths surpassing cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and lifestyle diseases. Microbial biofilms have a pivotal role in antimicrobial resistance and chronic infection. Among the microbial species, ESKAPE pathogens are the group of drug-resistant bacteria responsible for nosocomial and hospital-acquired infections. Antibiotic resistance is a complex and multifaceted issue that can arise from various factors, and biofilm-associated infections are indeed one of the contributors to this problem. Biofilms are communities of microorganisms, such as bacteria, that adhere to surfaces and produce a protective extracellular matrix. These biofilms can form on medical devices, tissues, or various surfaces within the body. Biofilm-associated infections present challenges for treatment because the biofilm matrix can act as a physical barrier, preventing antibiotics from reaching the bacteria within. Additionally, the microorganisms within biofilms often exhibit altered metabolic states and gene expression patterns, making them less susceptible to the effects of antibiotics.

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Antibiotic Resistance: A Result of Microbial Biofilm Association

  • Surbi Bhardwaj,
  • Ekta Menghani,
  • Nidhi Verma

摘要

The World Health Organization (WHO) and Centre for Disease Control (CDC) have identified antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) as one of the most challenging health hazards faced by human beings. It accounts for ~0.7 million deaths annually worldwide and is projected to account for ~10 million deaths globally by 2050. At this rate, it will become the most dominant cause of human deaths surpassing cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and lifestyle diseases. Microbial biofilms have a pivotal role in antimicrobial resistance and chronic infection. Among the microbial species, ESKAPE pathogens are the group of drug-resistant bacteria responsible for nosocomial and hospital-acquired infections. Antibiotic resistance is a complex and multifaceted issue that can arise from various factors, and biofilm-associated infections are indeed one of the contributors to this problem. Biofilms are communities of microorganisms, such as bacteria, that adhere to surfaces and produce a protective extracellular matrix. These biofilms can form on medical devices, tissues, or various surfaces within the body. Biofilm-associated infections present challenges for treatment because the biofilm matrix can act as a physical barrier, preventing antibiotics from reaching the bacteria within. Additionally, the microorganisms within biofilms often exhibit altered metabolic states and gene expression patterns, making them less susceptible to the effects of antibiotics.