Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most concerning threats to global health today. Anticipating that in the near future, there will be no antibiotics available for fighting against even small infections, the WHO announced in 2014 that we are heading toward the “post-antibiotic” era. As in many sectors, there is extensive use of antibiotics in the shrimp aquaculture systems, which can directly affect the GDP by reducing exports. Also, antibiotic residues are being magnified to the higher trophic levels in the food chain. The majority of pathogens currently witnessed show increased resistance against broad groups of antibiotics. Bacteria isolated from shrimp aquaculture farms in recent years such as Vibrio spp., Pseudomonas spp., Aeromonas spp., Staphylococcus spp., E. coli, and Mycobacterium spp. show resistance against commonly used drugs like polymyxin B, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, ampicillin, cephalosporin, beta-lactam antibiotics, aminoglycosides, and ciprofloxacin. These bacteria are highly pathogenic for shrimp culture and cause mass mortality. Horizontal transfer of AMR-related genes has been observed in the aquatic environment and nosocomial infections, leading to a global challenge. As a result, interest in safe alternative drugs that could replace antibiotics and probiotics is on the rise. Phytocomponents, especially those from mangroves, could provide such safe alternatives to antibiotics. Mangroves are rich sources of bioactive compounds. There are many important mangroves such as Acanthus ilicifolius, Bruguiera spp., Avicennia alba, Excoecaria spp., Rhizophora spp., Xylocarpus granatum, Sonneratia spp., Ceriops spp., Aegiceras spp., and Lumnitzera littorea. These are rich sources of bioceuticals, including phenolic compounds such as flavonoids, phenols, glycosides, and tannins and several secondary metabolites such as sterols, terpenoids, alkaloids, and saponins. These phytochemicals show antimicrobial properties and can be targeted to achieve better shrimp health and reduce mortality, thereby increasing production and net profit. This study deals with the use of safe and economical phytochemicals, which can be fortified with shrimp feed as a useful alternative to antibiotics, leading to sustainable and environmentally friendly aquaculture.