The livestock industry faces a significant challenge with biofilm-associated diseases, which have a detrimental impact on animal health, productivity, and global food security. This initial chapter aims to provide a thorough comprehension of the complex relationship between biofilms and livestock health. In order to understand the relevance of the livestock business worldwide, we examine the agricultural and economic environments, recognizing the difficulties that both farmers and stakeholders encounter. The primary objective of this book is to provide a comprehensive understanding of biofilm-associated diseases in livestock, spanning diverse species ranging from cattle (cow, buffalo, sheep, goat, and pig) to poultry birds (fowl and duck). The clear objective of this book is to provide an extensive exploration of biofilm-associated diseases in livestock, offering insights into their implications for animal health and the broader agricultural landscape. It is easiest to comprehend the cattle industry’s economic significance and difficulties against the backdrop of disease outbreaks. This chapter begins by defining the scope and limitations of the study, acknowledging the challenges in the current knowledge landscape. We conduct a careful examination of the principles of biofilm to highlight the importance of biofilm production and composition in various situations. In addition to introducing the idea of biofilm, this chapter highlights how important it is in assessing the general health, productivity, and welfare of animals. We provide readers with a roadmap to explore the complex connection between cattle diseases and biofilm by summarizing the historical developments in biofilm research.