In-situ resource utilization (ISRU) is one of the critical technologies for achieving long-term sustainable construction of lunar bases. Utilizing the extremely low temperatures in the permanently shadowed regions of the Moon to store liquid hydrogen is an essential energy storage method during the initial phases of lunar base construction. Multilayer insulation (MLI) structures can maintain the low-temperature state of liquid hydrogen without the need for additional active control equipment such as refrigeration units or circulation pumps, relying on the excellent thermal resistance properties of the materials themselves to ensure stable system operation. This research builds upon the existing MLI structures, taking into comprehensive consideration the impact of different structural forms and interlayer materials on thermal insulation performance in the lunar context. By conducting performance simulations on various configurations of hollow glass microspheres coupled with multilayer insulation (HGMs-MLI), the study identifies the optimal hydrogen storage insulation structures for the lunar shadowed regions, providing crucial guidance and reference for future liquid hydrogen storage research in lunar exploration.