Aiming at the problems of network congestion such as various service requests and slow authentication speed in power monitoring network. This paper deeply analyzes the principle of data leakage in the process of network communication, dynamically updates the key of both sides of communication based on the challenge response mode under PKI mechanism, and uses hash function to timely authenticate the user’s identity before communication, and designs a secure power monitoring network The network node is controlled by information technology. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme based on PKI mechanism can achieve the effect of high security and high reliability of communication data at the expense of a small amount of computing cost compared with the traditional scheme based on symmetric mechanism. In the mutual authentication phase of key agreement, the communication cost of this scheme is about 4% less than that of symmetric mechanism.