High voltage capacitor discharges serve as the primary source of pulse current in fuze electronic safety systems. This study explores the impact of high voltage capacitors on charging time, discharge time, and pulse discharge capacity in such systems, focusing on characteristics like leakage current and dielectric material. Through simulations of charging and discharging circuits, it was observed that the capacitor's voltage increases when the charging current surpasses the leakage current, eventually reaching a steady-state value when equilibrium is achieved. Analysis of polarization-electric field (PE) curves for various capacitor materials revealed that antiferroelectric material is the most optimal choice for high-voltage capacitors in fuze electronic safety systems, followed by linear material capacitors and ferroelectric material capacitors. Notably, the discharge power of antiferroelectric material capacitors was found to be approximately three times greater than the other two types, making them more conducive to fuze miniaturization.