Disciplining the Natives to the Natives Disciplining Themselves: The Scout Movement in Travancore Princely State
摘要
This chapter looks at the emergence of the Scout Movement in the two princely states of Travancore and Cochin in southern India in the early twentieth century. The Scout movement was an important constituent in the ideological project of the empire in colonial contexts across the globe, actively aiding in its spread and sustenance. It is argued that the Scout movement created an organizational and ideological space where the native interaction with the imperial ideologies was facilitated outside the formal realms of the colonial state. The Scout movement, rather than remaining a colonial tool of making lesser partners of the natives to cater to the colonial needs, was effectively appropriated and interiorized by the natives themselves. This ultimately resulted in fashioning a ‘disciplinarian ideology’ for the natives themselves in the princely states with the active support of the native government and civil society. Building on the Foucauldian models of power and the ‘government of the self’, the chapter argues that the coexistence of disciplinary power with biopolitics, the phenomena by which ‘life’ became an object of politics, had become the distinguishing feature of governmental rationality in Travancore by the late nineteenth century. It is seen that disciplinary power that aimed to discipline individual bodies and biopower that sought to optimize the human body intersected in such initiatives as the Scout movement to create new notions of colonial subjectivities, leading to its eventual success and reception by the colonized.