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This chapter summarises Turkey’s foreign policy in its first 100 years and presents the general dynamics of Turkey–Russia relations from 1923 to 2023, the breaking points that Turkey and Russia have experienced, and clues for the future of relations. With the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Tsardom in the First World War, two new countries emerged: Turkey and Russia. Relations between the two countries, which were in the process of being established, underwent a serious change when Russia took the form of the USSR. The system-level relations between the East, where the USSR was at the forefront, and the West, where Turkey belonged, also included divergences from the Cold War in parallel with Turkey’s status as a middle power. Therefore, the relations between the two countries deserve to be analysed separately under the umbrella of the Cold War. This chapter examines the factors, historical dynamics and continuities that have shaped Turkey–Russia relations over the past century, since the establishment of the republic.

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Turkey–Russia Relations: Not an Alternative to the West but a Balancer

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  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Mühdan Sağlam

摘要

This chapter summarises Turkey’s foreign policy in its first 100 years and presents the general dynamics of Turkey–Russia relations from 1923 to 2023, the breaking points that Turkey and Russia have experienced, and clues for the future of relations. With the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Tsardom in the First World War, two new countries emerged: Turkey and Russia. Relations between the two countries, which were in the process of being established, underwent a serious change when Russia took the form of the USSR. The system-level relations between the East, where the USSR was at the forefront, and the West, where Turkey belonged, also included divergences from the Cold War in parallel with Turkey’s status as a middle power. Therefore, the relations between the two countries deserve to be analysed separately under the umbrella of the Cold War. This chapter examines the factors, historical dynamics and continuities that have shaped Turkey–Russia relations over the past century, since the establishment of the republic.