A comprehensive study of urban climate is necessary to better understand the presence of heat islands in each part of the city centers of Sousse, Tunis, and Sfax. Temperature has a direct impact on energy consumption and the well-being of residents. However, despite the rapid and continuous urbanization of cities, few studies have specifically focused on the effects of urban heat islands (UHI). In this study, we aim to analyze the urban heat island effect in the city centers of Sousse, Tunis, and Sfax by examining the relationships between land surface temperature (LST) and spatial characteristics, composition, and configuration of impervious and natural spaces. We investigate how intensive urbanization, evapotranspiration (IDWI), urban morphology, and the radiativity of building materials influence the formation of urban heat islands in these specific contexts. To conduct this in-depth analysis, we will utilize geospatial data and various approaches, including statistics, urban landscape metrics, and spatial analysis techniques. These methods will help us understand how the characteristics of the urban landscape and urban development choices contribute to the formation of urban heat islands. Several indices will be considered, including the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), and land surface temperature (LST). Correlation analyses will enable us to quantify the strength and direction of the relationships between different indices and urban climate parameters. For example, we will assess whether there is a positive correlation between the density of impervious spaces (measured by the NDBI) and land surface temperature. Similarly, we will examine the correlation between the NDVI and land surface temperature to evaluate the mitigating role of green spaces in reducing urban heat islands. By employing these statistical methods, we will obtain precise and quantitative results regarding the relationships between indices and urban climate parameters. These findings will help us understand the mechanisms of urban heat islands in the city centers of Sousse, Tunis, and Sfax. Key questions to be addressed include the extent and intensity of urban heat islands in these city centers, the correlation between impervious space density and land surface temperature, and the role of green spaces in mitigating urban heat islands. This information will be essential for guiding urban planning and development decisions, aiming to create more resilient and sustainable urban environments. We will be able to identify the most vulnerable areas to urban heat islands and propose targeted urban design and greening strategies to mitigate these adverse effects. By understanding the complex mechanisms of urban heat islands in Tunisian city centers, we can create more pleasant, energy-efficient, and climate-resilient urban environments. This will contribute to improving the well-being of residents and creating sustainable cities for future generations.

Understanding Urban Heat Islands in Tunisian City Centers: An Integrated Approach

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发表日期：

2025年

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Messaoudi Abir

摘要

A comprehensive study of urban climate is necessary to better understand the presence of heat islands in each part of the city centers of Sousse, Tunis, and Sfax. Temperature has a direct impact on energy consumption and the well-being of residents. However, despite the rapid and continuous urbanization of cities, few studies have specifically focused on the effects of urban heat islands (UHI). In this study, we aim to analyze the urban heat island effect in the city centers of Sousse, Tunis, and Sfax by examining the relationships between land surface temperature (LST) and spatial characteristics, composition, and configuration of impervious and natural spaces. We investigate how intensive urbanization, evapotranspiration (IDWI), urban morphology, and the radiativity of building materials influence the formation of urban heat islands in these specific contexts. To conduct this in-depth analysis, we will utilize geospatial data and various approaches, including statistics, urban landscape metrics, and spatial analysis techniques. These methods will help us understand how the characteristics of the urban landscape and urban development choices contribute to the formation of urban heat islands. Several indices will be considered, including the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), and land surface temperature (LST). Correlation analyses will enable us to quantify the strength and direction of the relationships between different indices and urban climate parameters. For example, we will assess whether there is a positive correlation between the density of impervious spaces (measured by the NDBI) and land surface temperature. Similarly, we will examine the correlation between the NDVI and land surface temperature to evaluate the mitigating role of green spaces in reducing urban heat islands. By employing these statistical methods, we will obtain precise and quantitative results regarding the relationships between indices and urban climate parameters. These findings will help us understand the mechanisms of urban heat islands in the city centers of Sousse, Tunis, and Sfax. Key questions to be addressed include the extent and intensity of urban heat islands in these city centers, the correlation between impervious space density and land surface temperature, and the role of green spaces in mitigating urban heat islands. This information will be essential for guiding urban planning and development decisions, aiming to create more resilient and sustainable urban environments. We will be able to identify the most vulnerable areas to urban heat islands and propose targeted urban design and greening strategies to mitigate these adverse effects. By understanding the complex mechanisms of urban heat islands in Tunisian city centers, we can create more pleasant, energy-efficient, and climate-resilient urban environments. This will contribute to improving the well-being of residents and creating sustainable cities for future generations.