This chapter discusses vitreous and vitreomacular surface disorders, outlining their stages and implications for visual health. It also addresses congenital vitreoretinal diseases, exploring their characteristics and management. The chapter further delves into imaging techniques used in retinal diseases, including optical coherence tomography, fundus autofluorescence, fundus fluorescein angiography, and indocyanine green angiography, highlighting their roles in diagnosis and monitoring. Additionally, a summary of landmark trials in retinal diseases is presented, offering insights into the evidence that shapes current clinical practice. High-yield notes on photocoagulation lasers are included to emphasize their significance in treatment strategies. The chapter includes a miscellaneous section covering choroidal diseases, pseudophakic cystoid macular edema, various retinopathies, and endophthalmitis, providing a well-rounded understanding of the complexities in retinal health.