“The people’s aspiration for a better life is our goal.” This is a promise made by Xi Jinping as the newly elected General Secretary on behalf of the Communist Party of China at the 18th CPC National Congress held in 2012. And the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping as its core has since then placed a high priority on poverty elimination in the governance of China and mobilized the whole Party and all sectors of society to jointly fight the battle against extreme poverty. In November 2013, on his inspection tour to Shibadong Village, Huayuan County, Hunan Province, Xi proposed for the first time the concept of targeted poverty alleviation, which has been enriched and developed over the time to become a fundamental strategy for poverty alleviation in China. In June 2015, when he addressed to a meeting of senior officials of some provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities held in Guizhou, President Xi Jinping offered a profound analysis of the general idea and basic requirements of targeted poverty alleviation and elimination.