Bio-based foam oil sorbents present a promising and sustainable approach for oil spill control. These sorbent materials have been widely studied for oil spill cleanup, remediation, and hazardous material containment. Each offers unique features regarding their compositions, syntheses, sorption performance, and practical manufacturing operations that render most impractical for larger oil spill applications. In addition, the nature of oil spills and the varying types of oils in terms of viscosity, density, polarity, and weathering may render these sorbents relatively more effective on a laboratory scale but underperform in actual and practical scenarios. This chapter outlines the challenges, strategies, and innovations necessary for advancing bio-based foam oil sorbents’ large-scale adoption and commercialization, emphasizing the importance of balancing performance, cost, sustainability, and technological viability.