Secondary electronic health data can provide many benefits and value when used for the following purposes: reasons of public interest in the fields of public health, personalised and occupational medicine; activities to guarantee high levels of quality and safety of healthcare services; advancements in education and scientific research; innovation and development of technological products contributing to population health and social welfare. A literature review was performed to explore health data sharing attitudes or intentions together with associated motivators/barriers, and significant modulators of participants’ sharing behaviour, to provide a qualitative summary in the field of secondary use of health data. Despite the fact that during the last two decades, sharing health data for secondary purposes has gained great attention due to its numerous applications and associated benefits, people’s attitude towards sharing health data are not always positive. These attitudes are in fact influenced by several factors such as: types of health information, privacy concerns, information on security level, results of health information use, altruism, illness histories. Further analyses and studies are needed to better understand healthcare advances through disruptive technologies.