Emergency professionals (soldiers, policemen, and firefighters) are often exposed to adverse situations in high risk and stressful environments that may confer increased risk for problems such as suicidal thoughts and behaviors, suicide attempts and, ultimately, death by suicide. Objectives: To discuss suicide rate, as well as protective factors against suicide ideation, suicide behaviors, suicide attempts, and suicide in emergency professionals. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using relevant keywords. Results and conclusions: Most studies considered individual (e.g., post-traumatic growth, coping beliefs, responsibility to family, parenthood status, resilience, self-determination, spirituality, self-care, presence of an intimate partner) rather than contextual (e.g., perceived social support, perceived unit cohesion, team member and leader social support) protective factors. Implications and recommendations for future studies are discussed.