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This study aims to introduce the locally developed auto-thermal pyrolizer for converting municipal solid waste (MSW) compost residue into biochar (BC) and their characterization depending on the feedstock. In this study, BCs were produced using the fixed bed reactor-type pyrolizer with a capacity of at least 200–400 kg of feedstock per batch, through slow pyrolysis in an oxygen-limited environment using wood, coconut shells, coconut husks, and a residue mix. Proximate and ultimate analyses of BCs were performed together with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) for structural analysis, and thermo-analytical methods such as Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) to assess their thermal behavior. The carbon credits were calculated to assess the potential for reduction of CO2 emission. The study found that the fixed carbon content and carbon content, ranged from 27.68 to 38.28% and 52.30 to 73.90% respectively, indicating superior carbon sequestration and BC stability, and the BC yield ranged from 27.18 to 48.52%. The O/C ratio in wood, coconut shell, and residue mixtures indicates medium potential for C sequestration, while the H/C ratio is less than 0.7, indicating the highly aromatic and thermochemically converted structure. The FTIR results revealed that all BCs consist of hydroxyl (O-H), aliphatic (C-H), and aromatic (C=C) functional groups predominantly indicating their potential to be used for remediation of contaminants. TGA results demonstrated that weight losses were attributed to the surface moisture loss and decomposition of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin present in BCs. These results showed the carbonization sequestrated carbon and the suitability of each BC for various applications; treating landfill leachate, and reducing greenhouse and toxic gas emissions since BCs showed high porosity and different functional groups. Additionally, combining BC with compost could enhance composting performance. The potential for carbon credit was highest in coconut husk, indicating the ability to sequester carbon as a tool for cutting greenhouse gas emissions and integrating financial incentives with environmental responsibility.

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Locally Developed Pyrolizer for Carbonization of Municipal Solid Waste Compost Residue: Biochar Characteristics and Carbon Credits

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • M. S. K. Ranaweera,
  • E. A. N. K. Edirisinghe,
  • M. Narayana,
  • B. C. L. Athapattu,
  • E. Vithanage,
  • W. G. R. T. Piyarathna,
  • M. Vithanage

摘要

This study aims to introduce the locally developed auto-thermal pyrolizer for converting municipal solid waste (MSW) compost residue into biochar (BC) and their characterization depending on the feedstock. In this study, BCs were produced using the fixed bed reactor-type pyrolizer with a capacity of at least 200–400 kg of feedstock per batch, through slow pyrolysis in an oxygen-limited environment using wood, coconut shells, coconut husks, and a residue mix. Proximate and ultimate analyses of BCs were performed together with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) for structural analysis, and thermo-analytical methods such as Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) to assess their thermal behavior. The carbon credits were calculated to assess the potential for reduction of CO2 emission. The study found that the fixed carbon content and carbon content, ranged from 27.68 to 38.28% and 52.30 to 73.90% respectively, indicating superior carbon sequestration and BC stability, and the BC yield ranged from 27.18 to 48.52%. The O/C ratio in wood, coconut shell, and residue mixtures indicates medium potential for C sequestration, while the H/C ratio is less than 0.7, indicating the highly aromatic and thermochemically converted structure. The FTIR results revealed that all BCs consist of hydroxyl (O-H), aliphatic (C-H), and aromatic (C=C) functional groups predominantly indicating their potential to be used for remediation of contaminants. TGA results demonstrated that weight losses were attributed to the surface moisture loss and decomposition of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin present in BCs. These results showed the carbonization sequestrated carbon and the suitability of each BC for various applications; treating landfill leachate, and reducing greenhouse and toxic gas emissions since BCs showed high porosity and different functional groups. Additionally, combining BC with compost could enhance composting performance. The potential for carbon credit was highest in coconut husk, indicating the ability to sequester carbon as a tool for cutting greenhouse gas emissions and integrating financial incentives with environmental responsibility.