This article, based on a simplified model of the H-type vertical axis wind turbine, uses finite element analysis software to study its flow field characteristics in two-dimensional simulation. A two-dimensional computational model is established with the NACA0021 airfoil as the blade. Simulations are conducted at a fixed tip speed ratio λ = 2.15 and different incoming wind speeds of 4 m/s, 6 m/s, and 8 m/s. The changes in the velocity cloud chart over a rotation cycle are analyzed, and the results show that the initial velocity conditions of the blade affect the start time and the process of vortex shedding. Furthermore, as the phase angle increases, the morphology and shedding process of the vortices on the blade surface change.