This paper provides a detailed analysis of the lithic assemblage from the Xiaonanhai site, excavated in 1978, with a fucus on raw materials, technological metbods, and typological classification. Traditionally, the Xiaonanhai site has been interpreted within a unilinear model of cultural tradition, connecting it to earlier Paleolithic cultures in North China, particularly the Peking Man culture, and later microlithic cultures. However, recent re-evaluations challenge this perspective, suggesting that environmental and adaptive factors, rather than cultural inheritance, played a crucial role in shaping the lithic industry at Xiaonanhai. The lithic assemblage, mainly composed of chert and quartz, reflects a mixture of direct percussion and bipolar technique. The analysis reveals that the tools produced were largely expedient, with a focus on practicality rather than curation or sophistication. Use-wear analysis indicates that many artifacts were byproducts of the manufacturing process rather than fully functional tools, suggesting a subsistence strategy centered on the expoitation of abundant local resources with minimal investment in tool curation. The study also reconsiders the role of the Xiaonanhai site in the development of microblade technology, arguing that while some small flakes resemble mocroblades, they were high likely produced through bipolar technique and not indicative of a proto-microblade tradition. The research concludes that the lithic technology at Xiaonanhai should be understood in the context of ecological constraints and human adaptation strategies rather than cultural continuity, challenging the previously held views of a linear cultural progression in the North Chinese Paleolithic.