Bladder augmentation is a reconstructive surgery of the lower urinary tract which is performed to add to the reservoir capacity of the bladder. Augmenting the bladder capacity increases the bladder’s capacity, increasing compliance and reducing the bladder’s pressure. The most common indications for the performance of the procedure are for a neurogenic bladder or an exstrophy bladder. Various bowel segments like the ileum, caecum, colon or stomach are commonly used. Ureter might be utilised in selected cases. Augmenting the bladder leads to long-term metabolic problems and a higher risk of malignancy, which requires a lifelong surveillance regimen.