From 2000 to 2020, China experienced substantial economic development and ecological changes. With the top-down implementation of China’s carbon reduction strategy, there is a need to present more microscopic regional differences. Compared with provinces and cities, the carbon sequestration characteristics in the district and county can reflect regional heterogeneity in more detail. This is conducive to government departments’ implementing emission reduction and carbon sequestration policies according to local conditions. In addition, it is also of great practical value for the comprehensive evaluation of the emission reduction effect under China’s “returning farmland to forests” and “returning pasture to grass” policies. Therefore, this chapter systematically presents carbon sequestration characteristics in Chinese counties and districts from 2000 to 2020. It is divided into three sections: the total amount of carbon sequestration at the district and county level, composition of carbon sequestration characteristics in counties and districts, and carbon sequestration characteristics of China’s seven major geographic subregions.