Thus far, we’ve provided a concise introduction to mass spectrometry. In the ensuing chapters, we’ll explore the remarkable capability of “molecular measurement” and its specific applications in our everyday world. The initial segment of Chap. 3 zeroes in on cutting-edge medical diagnostics and clinical testing, including the “early detection of Alzheimer’s disease, prostate cancer, and pancreatic cancer from a mere droplet of blood.” The field has significantly benefited from the dramatic advancements in analytical techniques using mass spectrometry for proteins and metabolites.