Waste and humans along with other organisms have a long history together. It comes from a variety of sources, including agricultural crops leftovers, the food supply chain and its production, and sectors and their activities. Waste can contaminate groundwater and has various negative effects on the environment, such as leachate. Pollution occurs in the air due to emissions from burning waste, and in the soil due to its disposal. The proper handling of garbage and trash has emerged as a crucial obstacle to sustainable urban growth as urban residents continue to rise. There are serious threats to the environment, human health, and the economy associated with the growing amount and complexity of trash produced by cities. To reduce these dangers, efficient solid waste treatment methods are necessary. Various technologies and methods are employed globally to reduce waste.