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Nitrogen (N) loss reduces production and soil health. The objectives of this 3-yr continuous corn (Zea mays L.) US Midwest study were to evaluate traditional and advanced N management on corn N content, grain yield and economic returns; soil N content; and N losses [nitrate (NO3−), nitrous oxide (N2O), and ammonia (NH3)]. Treatments were single pre-plant applications of 202 kg N ha−1 urea (U) or polymer coated urea ESN (E), and split with 67 kg N ha−1 pre-plant applications of either urea (U/U+) or ESN (E/U+) and 135 kg N ha−1 as urea + NBPT [N-(n-Butyl) thiophosphoric triamide] at V6. Split and E produced similar grain yield (11.1 Mg ha−1 mean) and total N uptake (TNU) (157 kg N ha−1 mean) and were greater than treatment U (10.1 Mg ha−1 and 134 kg N ha−1). Net economic returns decreased: E/U+>U/U+>E>U, and splits and U had similar N loss. Yearly mean sum of N2O, NH3, and NO3− was 47–49% lower with E versus U, U/U+, and E/U+ (14.4 vs. 28.5, 27.1, and 27.5 kg ha−1, respectively). Consistent lower N losses for E and better grain yield than U or similar to split treatments indicate that E may be a valuable tool.

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Nitrate, Nitrous Oxide, and Ammonia Loss Mitigation with Optimum Rate of Enhanced Efficiency Nitrogen Fertilizer and Application Timing in Corn

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Sonia T. Menegaz,
  • Fabián G. Fernández,
  • Rodney T. Venterea,
  • Matthew J. Helmers,
  • Paulo H. Pagliari

摘要

Nitrogen (N) loss reduces production and soil health. The objectives of this 3-yr continuous corn (Zea mays L.) US Midwest study were to evaluate traditional and advanced N management on corn N content, grain yield and economic returns; soil N content; and N losses [nitrate (NO3−), nitrous oxide (N2O), and ammonia (NH3)]. Treatments were single pre-plant applications of 202 kg N ha−1 urea (U) or polymer coated urea ESN (E), and split with 67 kg N ha−1 pre-plant applications of either urea (U/U+) or ESN (E/U+) and 135 kg N ha−1 as urea + NBPT [N-(n-Butyl) thiophosphoric triamide] at V6. Split and E produced similar grain yield (11.1 Mg ha−1 mean) and total N uptake (TNU) (157 kg N ha−1 mean) and were greater than treatment U (10.1 Mg ha−1 and 134 kg N ha−1). Net economic returns decreased: E/U+>U/U+>E>U, and splits and U had similar N loss. Yearly mean sum of N2O, NH3, and NO3− was 47–49% lower with E versus U, U/U+, and E/U+ (14.4 vs. 28.5, 27.1, and 27.5 kg ha−1, respectively). Consistent lower N losses for E and better grain yield than U or similar to split treatments indicate that E may be a valuable tool.