As the origin of ancient Greek biography, Isocrates’ Evagoras chooses the Cyprian king Evagoras as the hero, and strongly influences the structure, content, purpose and style of later Western biographies. Ancient Chinese historiography also preserves rich biographical materials for us. Both Western and oriental intellectuals choose biography as an important tool to shape the ideal image of perfect kingship in their minds. On the one hand, their record and construction express common political ideals of intellectuals and people at the two ends of the Silk Road; on the other hand, they also illustrate the variety and characteristics of the ancient Mediterranean world and the ancient East Asian world in social and economic contexts as well as in political concepts.