Human Sustainable Interaction Between Architecture and Climate in Shiraz Heritage Fabric for Designing Climate Resilience

Having accurate attitudes towards architecture along with proper actions can promote direct interactions between humans and their environment and help them have a better understanding of the climate. Clarifying the underlying beliefs and behaviors of building occupants that shape the interactions between them and their environment can enhance their understanding of the climatic impacts of the architecture around them. This study examines how the strength of the bonds between nature and climate within and outside traditional buildings have contributed to the preservation of the old architectural fabric of Iran. This study looks at the historic architecture of Shiraz on three levels: overall climatic integration of texture, climatic spatial configuration, and climatic components. Using mixed methods of research drawing upon logical argumentation. Analysis of the data shows that the Shiraz Heritage fabric follows the orders of four crucial climatic factors, such as light, air, soil, and water separately and together in unity. Bioclimatic moderation in Shiraz vernacular fabric is illustrated with the quality of climate-responsive architecture according to four climatic factors together. Moreover, the spatial configuration shows a sequence of linked spaces that constitutes interior spaces to the semi-open and open spaces and neighborhood spaces, which are organised as a matrix of interconnection spaces. This combination of linked organisations could support thermal-acoustic-visual diversity in architecture for diverse multisensory needs. Consequently, it could evoke climatic resilience due to human interaction with the place of living. This kind of organisation facilitates the correlation between climatic modulation. Therefore, building components and elements, such as passive ventilation and cooling, pools, and ponds act as interactive climatic elements. The results show that the architecture of the old fabric of Shiraz city is perfectly compatible with the environment. This architecture, with the accompaniment of human needs and desires as an inseparable part of a unified world, not only strongly supports human requirements with the climate but also helps them to raise and sublimate in the environment. In other words, the conclusions of this chapter in a simple comparison highlight the right attitude about the continuous life cycle on Earth. It represents that if a man-made space could have a durable and smooth organisation like nature and ecology, this could retain its vitality and value. Everything considered, recognising the geographical and native criteria is necessary for architecture.