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Since ancient times, China has been a centralized administrative system for most of the time, and its operation requires the central government to have strong control over local governments at all levels to prevent local governments from optionally doing what they want without following the central government’s administrative orders. The top-down control becomes particularly important, as China has been immature in the accountability from below for a long time.

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The Reward, Cost, and Improving Direction of Official Transfer

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Muyang Zhang

摘要

Since ancient times, China has been a centralized administrative system for most of the time, and its operation requires the central government to have strong control over local governments at all levels to prevent local governments from optionally doing what they want without following the central government’s administrative orders. The top-down control becomes particularly important, as China has been immature in the accountability from below for a long time.