To address the alarming degradation of riverbanks and their ecosystems, many studies have identified its root causes. However, each river has its own ecosystem. Therefore, this research seeks to formulate an ecologically sensitive prototype plan for the riverine islands of Mahanadi in Cuttack, with a primary focus on sustainable development and conservation. In this study, a map of the Mahanadi Basin around Cuttack city from Chahata Park to Jobra Barrage was rasterized with geographic information system (GIS), which included a detailed survey of its ecological and cultural heritage. Through a combination of field surveys, data analysis, and stakeholder consultations, this research identified key factors contributing to the environmental stressors affecting the river. Using advanced mapping techniques, this research aims to inform the development of targeted strategies for the protection of riverine islands and to create a comprehensive understanding of the complex relationship between a watershed and its cultural significance. By cataloguing and analyzing rich biodiversity, targeted strategies for the protection of riverine islands can be developed. This study further concludes with a proposal for ecologically sensitive development of riverine island guided by best practices.