Cellular senescence is increasingly considered a key contributor to age-related disorders. Although senescent cells are involved in pathophysiological processes marked by macromolecular damage and metabolic dysregulation, in addition, they play significant roles in numerous physiological processes like wound healing and tissue repair. These pathological conditions include diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer’s disease, osteoarthritis, atherosclerosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Senescence represents an irreversible phase of cell cycle arrest that can occur spontaneously or in response to external stressors. This state is marked by progressive phenotypic changes that emerge following the initial cell cycle arrest. Understanding the molecular mechanisms driving cellular senescence is essential for elucidating its role in lung health and disease, as the involvement of senescence in these contexts is gaining increasing scientific attention. In order to understand pathophysiology and discover new treatments, there has been increasing interest in the function of cellular senescence in diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and chronic obstructive lung disease. This chapter summarizes the effect and mechanism of cellular senescence in COPD, asthma, and IPF and therapeutic strategies for senescence-driven lung disorders.