Ultraprecision cutting is a new technology with a wide range of contents, and its machining accuracy and surface quality are determined by ultra-fine machine tool equipment, diamond tools, cutting processes, measurement and error compensation technology, environmental support conditions, and other factors that influence the comprehensive results. With the continuous development of aerospace, information communication, and biomedical fields, a variety of complex optical components have begun to appear, which puts forward higher requirements on the performance of precision manufacturing technologies. In the future, the characteristics of precision manufacturing technologies will be very high precision, high efficiency, large-scale, miniaturization, intelligence, process integration, online processing, and testing integration. With the development of new materials and technologies, precision machining will continue to improve its machining accuracy and productivity.