High-speed grinding is an important process for high-performance machining of advanced materials due to its capability for high efficiency and excellent surface integrity. In this chapter, the fundamentals of high-speed grinding were introduced, followed by a review of the practices of high-speed grinding in recent years. First, authors’ experience gained from the high-speed grinding of engineering ceramics and thin film materials, including alumina, alumina–titania, yttria partially stabilized tetragonal zirconia, and thin film multilayer solar panels, was presented. High-speed grinding of combination materials was then introduced focusing on the selection of grinding wheel and parameters and development of unique coolant supply technology.