As global climate change intensifies and resource scarcity grows, agricultural production encounters unprecedented challenges. In this context, achieving efficient agricultural practices in harsh environments, particularly in resource-limited regions such as deserts and the Gobi has emerged as a critical concern in agricultural science and technology. The vast Gobi Desert in southern Xinjiang offers significant potential for expanding facility-based agriculture. However, traditional agricultural methods in these regions are hindered by severe water scarcity, extensive soil salinization, and low fertilizer efficiency. Therefore, the development and implementation of innovative technologies and approaches are essential to enhance the sustainability of agricultural production.