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The state of Telangana comprises 11.2 mha area, of which total arable area is ~60%. More than half of the cultivated area is rainfed and groundwater is being exploited for cropping during rabi season. There were many indigenous technologies (ITKs) for soil and water management, soil fertility management, crop production, protection and mechanization. These ITKs need to be blended with modern technologies to harness the sustainable production and to preserve soil health. Although >20% of the total geographical area (TGA) of Telangana is prone to erosion rates >10 t ha−1 y−1, 48% of the area of the state can tolerate soil loss up to 10 t ha−1 y−1. Soil and water conservation measures by following watershed approach at Vanaparthy and Mahaboobnagar districts resulted in improvement of maize yield by 22%, groundnut pod yield by 19% and paddy grain yield by 14% compared to the non-watershed implemented areas. Adoption of farm pond technology in rainfed agriculture realized additional cotton yield of 4–6 q ha−1. Also, adoption of ridge and furrow method of land configuration by farmers facilitated moisture conservation and proved helpful in draining away the excess water in black soils. In dry lands, ridge and furrow sowing in chickpea using multi-crop ridger (45 × 15 cm) helped in realizing enhanced yield of 25.6% compared to conventional flatbed sowing method. Cotton crop sown in raised bed system in black clay soils of Adilabad district protected crop from rain waters stagnation and resulted in 29% higher lint yield compared to conventional practice of sowing in flat beds, besides the technology also reduced the cost of cultivation by 11.3% due to less pesticide use. The utilization of groundnut shell residue as an amendment in light-textured soils of Mehaboobnagar improved the soil health parameters. Conjunctive use of inorganic and organic sources of N revealed that 25% N through green manures along with 100% N through urea caused significant improvement in available N, P2O5, K2O besides recording the highest rice grain in Alfisols of state.

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Blending Traditional Knowledge of Farmers in Agriculture with Modern Scientific Technologies in the State of Telangana

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • K. Sammi Reddy,
  • P. Gurumurthy,
  • A. Subba Rao,
  • V. Girijaveni

摘要

The state of Telangana comprises 11.2 mha area, of which total arable area is ~60%. More than half of the cultivated area is rainfed and groundwater is being exploited for cropping during rabi season. There were many indigenous technologies (ITKs) for soil and water management, soil fertility management, crop production, protection and mechanization. These ITKs need to be blended with modern technologies to harness the sustainable production and to preserve soil health. Although >20% of the total geographical area (TGA) of Telangana is prone to erosion rates >10 t ha−1 y−1, 48% of the area of the state can tolerate soil loss up to 10 t ha−1 y−1. Soil and water conservation measures by following watershed approach at Vanaparthy and Mahaboobnagar districts resulted in improvement of maize yield by 22%, groundnut pod yield by 19% and paddy grain yield by 14% compared to the non-watershed implemented areas. Adoption of farm pond technology in rainfed agriculture realized additional cotton yield of 4–6 q ha−1. Also, adoption of ridge and furrow method of land configuration by farmers facilitated moisture conservation and proved helpful in draining away the excess water in black soils. In dry lands, ridge and furrow sowing in chickpea using multi-crop ridger (45 × 15 cm) helped in realizing enhanced yield of 25.6% compared to conventional flatbed sowing method. Cotton crop sown in raised bed system in black clay soils of Adilabad district protected crop from rain waters stagnation and resulted in 29% higher lint yield compared to conventional practice of sowing in flat beds, besides the technology also reduced the cost of cultivation by 11.3% due to less pesticide use. The utilization of groundnut shell residue as an amendment in light-textured soils of Mehaboobnagar improved the soil health parameters. Conjunctive use of inorganic and organic sources of N revealed that 25% N through green manures along with 100% N through urea caused significant improvement in available N, P2O5, K2O besides recording the highest rice grain in Alfisols of state.