The amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG) was developed in the late 1960s as a technique for continuous monitoring of brain function in adults; it was originally termed the cerebral function monitor. In Japan, the aEEG has been widely used in neonatal intensive care units since 2010, especially after it became an adjunctive diagnostic criterion for therapeutic hypothermia in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. (Note: Since 2015, aEEG findings have not been included in the criteria for therapeutic hypothermia.)