Electrochemical Sensors

Electrochemical sensors are pivotal in modern detection technologies, offering high sensitivity and versatility across diverse applications. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of electrochemical sensors, detailing their operational principles, configurations, and material choices. It explores various sensor architectures, including traditional three-electrode setups, microelectrode arrays, screen-printed electrodes, and flexible and wearable sensors. Special attention is given to the role of electrolytes in sensor performance, with discussions on aqueous, non-aqueous, and solid-state electrolytes. The chapter also highlights the application of electrochemical sensors in detecting environmental pollutants and corrosion products, showcasing their relevance in environmental monitoring and infrastructure maintenance. Future trends and advancements, such as the integration of nanomaterials and smart technologies, are discussed, emphasizing the ongoing evolution and potential of electrochemical sensors in addressing contemporary challenges.