The United Arab Emirates (UAE) plays a vital role within the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and the Arab world. With one of the most advanced healthcare systems, the field of oncology care in the UAE is characterized by a unique blend of collaborations between the public and private healthcare sectors. Cancer ranks as the third leading cause of death in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Over the past five decades, cancer care in the UAE has undergone a remarkable transformation, progressing from a single center in Al Ain in 1979 to a network of more than 30 cancer centers and clinics scattered across the country, including at least four comprehensive cancer centers today. Despite notable advancements in medical care, there remains a significant disparity in the quality of cancer care among these centers, indicating a deficiency in robust cancer quality control throughout the UAE. Moreover, access to clinical trials faces obstacles due to a shortage of expertise, research infrastructure, and the UAE’s relatively small population, making it challenging to accrue patients for trials. The need for further improvements in oncology education and training is also evident and requires immediate attention. In this review, we aim to shed light on these crucial aspects, urging stakeholders to prioritize the enhancement of cancer care in the UAE. We further highlight the state of oncology care in the UAE, focusing on key areas with the potential for expansion and also delve into previously unexplored topics, including oncology medical tourism, psycho-oncology, onco-fertility, precision oncology, survivorship, oncology nursing, cancer support programs, and the response of the oncology sector to the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, all within the context of the UAE’s cancer landscape. We also provide recommendations aimed at policymakers, regulators, payers, patient advocacy groups, and the UAE’s oncology community, focusing on the delivery and future planning of high-quality cancer care. These recommendations align with the UAE government’s vision of reducing cancer mortality and ensuring the provision of high-quality cancer care for both its citizens and residents.