This chapter delves into the historical evolution of healthcare services in the Trucial States (the region that would become the UAE before the country’s establishment in 1971), spanning the years 1949–1971. Local and friendly governments, particularly the British administration at that time, provided vital health and education support to the Trucial States, situated in the Arabian Gulf. This chapter is divided into four sections, each focusing on distinct aspects and time periods. The first section underscores the impactful contribution of American missionaries who provided healthcare services in the Arabian Peninsula. Notably, they established the Oasis Hospital in Al Ain, the Emirates’ first missionary hospital in the UAE, thereby accelerating the British government’s efforts in the development of social services. The second section discusses the modest healthcare services provided by the British in the Trucial States, highlighting the pivotal role played by the Al Maktoum Hospital in Dubai. The third section focuses on the significant involvement of Kuwaiti health services in the Trucial States, which began in 1963. This included the establishment of schools, clinics, and the Kuwaiti Central Hospital in Dubai. Various governments, such as the British and American governments, also played roles in shaping social services in the Trucial States. The fourth section explores the introduction of advanced medical services in the region, including the establishment of the Development Office in 1965. This office played a crucial role in developing medical centers and addressing infectious diseases. Overall, this chapter serves as documentation of the historical development of healthcare services in the Trucial States from 1949 to 1971, highlighting the contributions of various entities and governments in enhancing healthcare in the region.